The urinary tract infection (UTI) is a common cause of antibiotic prescription in general medicine. The main etiological agents of UTIs are the Enterobacteria, that account for about 70 to 80% of the isolated microorganisms in the laboratory routine. In most cases, the empirical treatment is initiated, without the request of the urine culture, which can result in therapeutic failures and worsening of the disease due to the development of microbial resistance [1]. Consequently, the indiscriminate use of antimicrobials can often impose barriers in the control of infections by decreasing the therapeutic options. In this epidemiological context, it is important to note that the susceptibility profile as well as the etiologic agent may also vary according to the environment in which the infection was acquired. In the last few years, the resistance of the most used antibiotics in clinical practice for treatment of Gram-negative bacteria has increased worldwide. The treatment of infections caused by these pathogens is usually performed with beta-lactam antibiotics, drugs of first choice due to their efficiency and low toxicity. Their inappropriate and excessive favored the emergence of microorganisms with different mechanisms of resistance, being the main of these, the production of beta-lactamase enzymes that have the ability to hydrolyze the structure of the beta-lactam ring, which decrease the drug effectiveness.
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