Features of Low-Temperature Microwave Processing of Tobacco

Abstract

The paper outlined an effective method for curing tobacco, which includes the combined action of a microwave electromagnetic field and light with a wavelength of 400-700nm. The developed method made it possible to obtain tobacco material with high taste and moderate speed. The high efficiency of the proposed method has been proven by IR and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.

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Analysis of the Microbial Structure in Daqu for the Main Types of Chinese Baijiu

Abstract

This investigation undertook a systematic analysis of the microbial structure of six kinds of daqu from different types of Chinese baijiu. From the results, it was noted that the prokaryotic microbial species present in daqu were much more complex than the eukaryotic microorganisms, but the number of eukaryotic microorganisms was greater than that of prokaryotic microbes. The investigation identified 8 phyla, 74 classes, 130 orders, 203 families, and 255 genera for eukaryotic microbes and 11 phyla, 74 classes, 116 orders, 411 families, and 473 genera for prokaryotic microorganisms. The main eukaryotic microbe in daqu was Ascomycota, followed by Basidiomycota; Ascomycota species are mainly moulds and yeasts, and they play a major role in of baijiu fermentation. The main prokaryotic microorganism in daqu was Firmicutes, followed by Actinobacteria, Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, Euryarchaeota and Planctomycetaceae. The number of eukaryotic microbes OTUs were ranked in the order Nongxiang> Zhima-xiang>Qing-xiang>Feng-xiang>Chi-xiang>Jiang-xiang, and the abundance values were ranked in the order Qingxiang> Nong-xiang>Jiang-xiang>Zhima-xiang>Chi-xiang. The number of prokaryotic microorganisms OTUs were ranked in the order Qing-xiang>Nong-xiang>Zhima-xiang>Feng-xiang>Chi-xiang>Jiang-xiang, and the abundance values were ranked in the order Qing-xiang>Nong-xiang>Zhima-xiang>Feng-xiang>Chi-xiang>Jiang-xiang.

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