Abstract
Cardiovascular
diseases affect younger population in developing countries like India and carry
a higher mortality rate. Common risk factors responsible for myocardial
infarction in India are dyslipidemia, smoking, hypertension, diabetes,
abdominal obesity, physical inactivity, low fruits and vegetables intake, and
psychosocial stress. Other risk factors account for lesser number of cases, one
such risk factor being hypothyroidism. A retrospective study was done using
hospital records who were admitted with the diagnosis of acute coronary
syndrome during the period January 2021 to February 2022 Department of
Cardiology , Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU) Dhaka,
Bangladesh. A total number of 326 patients were admitted with acute coronary
syndrome, out of these patients 93 (28.53%) were screened with thyroid
profile(male 30, female 63). Female patients were more likely to be screened
with thyroid profile than male patients (p value <0.0001). 17.2% (16) of the
patients had thyroid abnormality. Three female patients had subclinical
hypothyroidism. Four male and nine female patients had ‘low T3 syndrome’. Of
the 93 patients there were 7 deaths (7.5%). In the low T3 group the mortality
was 38.5%. The mortality in the low T3 group was significantly higher and
statistically significant (p value 0.0062), compared to euthyroid subjects. The
study highlights the fact that low T3 syndrome in patients with acute coronary
syndrome (NSTEMI and STEMI) acts has a poor prognosis factor. The study also
highlights to the fact that, screening is less commonly utilized in patients
with acute coronary syndrome.
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